တိုင်
တိုင် (အၚ်္ဂလိက်: mile) ဂှ် ဗၞတ်ဗ္ၜတ် ဇမၠိင် လၟိဟ်မတုပ် ကု ၅,၂၈၀ ပေ၊ ဟွံသေင်မ္ဂး တုပ်ကဵု ၁,၇၆၀ ယာဒ် (yard) တုဲပၠန် ဟီုနကဵု မဳတာမ္ဂး နွံ ၁,၆၀၉.၃၄၄ မဳတာ။ တိုင်ဂှ် ဒှ်သၞောတ်ဗ္ၜတ် အင်္ဂလိက်တုဲ မဳတာဂှ် စတမ်နူ သၞာံ ၁၉၅၉ ဂှ် စၟတ်သမ္တီလဝ် သၞောတ်ဗ္ၜတ်ဂၠးတိရ။
| တိုင် Mile | |
|---|---|
 A milestone in Westminster showing the distance from Kensington Road to Hounslow and Hyde Park Corner in miles | |
| တင်ဂၞင် ယူနေတ် | |
| သၞောတ်ယူနေတ် | English unit |
| ယူနေတ် မဆေင်ကု | length |
| သင်္ကေတ | mi or m |
| အပြံင်အလှာဲ ယူနေတ် | |
| 1 mi in ... | ... ဂှ် တုပ်သၟဟ် ကု ... |
| SI units | 1609.344 m |
| imperial/US units | |
| nautical units | 0.86898 nmi |
တိုင်ဂှ် ဍုင်မွဲကုမွဲ စၟတ်သမ္တီလဝ် တၞဟ်ခြာရေင်သကအ်ရ။ တိုင်ရဝ်မ ဂှ် နွံ (၁.၈၅၂ ကဳလဝ်မဳတာ)၊ တိုင်ကြုက်ဂှ် နွံ ၅၀၀ မဳတာ။ တိုင်ရဝ်မဂှ် ညးပိုင်ခြာနွံ မွဲတိုင်ဂှ် နွံ ၅,၀၀၀ ၝောအ်ရဝ်မ။ ဟိုတ်နူ ကဝ်လဝ်နဳဗြိတိန်တုဲ မာင်/တိုင်အင်္ဂလိက်ဂှ် စိုပ်အာ ဍုင်ကဝ်လဝ်နဳ သီုကဵု ဍုင်မန်ဗၟာတုဲ စဵုကဵုလၟုဟ် စကာဒၟံင် တိုင်ဏီဖိုဟ်ရ။ နကဵု ကၟိန်ဍုင်အမေရိကာန်မ္ဂး နကဵုပ္ဍဲသၞောဝ်မ္ဂး စကာ မဳတာကီုလေဝ် ဒေတာဗ္ၜတ်တြေံနူ ၁၉၂၇ မ္ဂး စကာလဝ် တိုင် (6336/3937 km) ကီုရ။ စၞးမစကာတိုင်ဂှ် ဍုင်ဗွဲမဂၠိုင် သၠာဲစကာ မဳတာကီုလေဝ် ဍုင်ဗွဲမဂၠိုင် မပ္တံ ကုလဳဗိယျာ၊ ဗြိတိန်၊ ကေုာံ ဍုင်ကဝ်လဝ်နဳအင်္ဂလိက်တြေံ သီုကဵု ဍုင်မန်ဗၟာဂှ် စကာဒၟံင် တိုင်ဖိုဟ်ဏီရ။
အတိုင်ဗ္ၜတ် မစကာဒၟံင် ပ္ဍဲဍုင်မန်ဗၟာဂှ် အတိုင်ဗွဲသၟဝ်ဝွံရ။
၁၂ ၝောအ်တဲ ၁ ပေ၊
၃ ပေ ၁ ဂေက်၊
၂၂ ဂေက် ၁ ဇုက်ပသဲ၊
၁၀ ဇိုက်ပသဲ ၁ ဖာလုံ၊
၈ ဖာလုံ ၁ တိုင်။
တိုင်ဂှ် နကဵုဘာသာအင်္ဂလိက် ချူဖ္ဍန် m. ပ္ဍဲအခိင်အတိက်ကီုလေဝ် လၟုဟ်မ္ဂး ချူ mi သွက်ဂွံဝေင်ပါဲ တၞဟ်ခြာကဵု မဳတာရ။ ဆဂးဂှ် ဖ္ဍန် ဒဳ ပွိုင်မွဲနာဍဳ ဂှ် ဆက်ချူဒၟံင် နကဵု mph ဖိုဟ်ရ။
ယၟု
ပလေဝ်ဒါန်မအရေဝ်အင်္ဂလိက် ခေတ်လၟုဟ် mile ဂှ် ကၠုင်နူ အင်္ဂလိက်လဒေါဝ် myle အင်္ဂလိက်တြေံ mīl မဒှ်ဝေါဟာရ အလုံဂကူဗဳဇဂျာမနိစ် မွဲရ။ တမ်မူလဍေဟ်ဂှ် ကၠုင်နူ mīlle passus (mile) ဗဟုဝစ် mīlia passuum (miles) မဒှ် တိုင်ရဝ်မ မဂွံအဓိပ္ပါယ် မွဲလ္ၚီလဂါံ။[၁]
နကဵုဘာသာမန် "တိုင်" ဂှ် ၜိုန်ရ ကေတ်လဝ် လၟိဟ်ဗ္ၜတ် အတိုင်အင်္ဂလိက်ကီုလေဝ် မဝေါဟာရ "တိုင်" ဂှ် ကၠုင်နူအရေဝ်မန် မဂွံအဓိပ္ပါယ် မွဲတိုင်(ဆု)ဒှ်ရမာန်ရ။ ဒုင်သဇိုင် ကုဗၞတ်ဗ္ၜတ်မန်တြေံ မကော်ဂးတုဲ ကေတ်မအရေဝ်ဂှ်တုဲ စကာကၠုင် ပ္ဍဲအရာ မၜတ် အတိုင်ဗ္ၜတ်အင်္ဂလိက်ရ။ ဗၟာ "မိုင်" ဂှ် လွဳဗ္စ နူအင်္ဂလိက် သီုဗ္ၜတ် သီုဝေါဟာရရ။
ခံက်အင် ၜတ်ကၞာတ်
ပလေဝ်ဒါန်စၟတ်သမ္တီ မွဲတိုင် ဍုင်မွဲကုမွဲ ဟွံတုပ် ရေင်သကအ်တုဲ ပ္ဍဲဍုင်မွဲမွဲပၠန် အခိင်အခါတၞဟ်ခြာမ္ဂး ဗၞတ်ဗ္ၜတ်လေဝ် တၞဟ်ခြာကီုဂှ် ဂွံဆဵုကေတ် ပ္ဍဲခံက်အင် ဗွဲသၟဝ်ဝွံမာန်ရ။ တိုင် ယူရောပ်ပလိုတ်ဂှ် ဂၠေအ်တုဲ တိုင်ယူရောပ်ဗၟံက်၊ လဒေါဝ် ကေုာံ သၟဝ်ကျာဂှ် ဂၠိင်ရ။
| Length (m) | Name | Country used | From | To | Definition | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0960–1,152 | talmudic mil | Palestine | Biblical and Talmudic units of measurement | |||
| 01,480 | mille passus, milliarium | Roman Empire | Ancient Roman units of measurement | |||
| 01,486.6 | miglio | Sicily | ||||
| 01,524 | London mile | England | ||||
| 01,609.3426 | (statute) mile | Great Britain | 1592 | 1959 | 1,760 yards | Over the course of time, the length of a yard changed several times and consequently so did the English, and from 1824, the imperial mile. The statute mile was introduced in 1592 during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I |
| 01,609.344 | mile | some Anglosaxon countries | 1959 | today | 1760 yards | In 1 July 1959 the imperial mile was standardized to an exact length in metres |
| 01,609.3472 | (statute) mile | United States | 1893 | today | 1,760 yards | From 1959 also called the U.S. Survey Mile. From then its only utility has been land survey, before it was the standard mile. From 1893 its exact length in metres was: 3600/3937 × 1760 |
| 01,820 | Italy | |||||
| 01,852 | nautical mile | international | today | approx. 1 minute of arc | Measured at a circumference of 40,000 km. Abbreviation: NM, nm | |
| 01,852.3 | (for comparison) | 1 meridian minute | ||||
| 01,853.181 | nautical mile | Turkey | ||||
| 01,855.4 | (for comparison) | 1 equatorial minute | Although the NM was defined on the basis of the minute, it varies from the equatorial minute, because at that time the circumference of the equator could only be estimated at 40,000 km. | |||
| 02,065 | Portugal | |||||
| 02,220 | Gallo-Roman league | Gallo-Roman culture | 1.5 miles | Under the reign of Emperor Septimius Severus, this replaced the Roman mile as the official unit of distance in the Gallic and Germanic provinces, although there were regional and temporal variations. | ||
| 02,470 | Sardinia, Piemont | |||||
| 02,622 | Scotland | |||||
| 02,880 | Ireland | |||||
| 03,780 | Flanders | |||||
| 03,898 | French lieue (post league) | France | 2,000 "body lengths" | |||
| 04,000 | general or metric league | |||||
| 04,000 | legue | Guatemala | ||||
| 04,190 | legue | Mexico | = 2,500 tresas = 5,000 varas | |||
| 04,444.8 | landleuge | 1⁄25° of a circle of longitude | ||||
| 04,452.2 | lieue commune | France | Units of measurement in France before the French Revolution | |||
| 04,513 | legue | Paraguay | ||||
| 04,513 | legua | Chile, (Guatemala, Haiti) | = 36 cuadros = 5400 varas | |||
| 04,808 | Switzerland | |||||
| 04,828 | English land league | England | 3 miles | |||
| 04,800 04,900 |
Germanic rasta, also doppelleuge (double league) |
|||||
| 05,000 | légua nova | Portugal | ||||
| 05,196 | legua | Bolivia | = 40 ladres | |||
| 05,152 | legua argentina | Argentina, Buenos Aires | = 6,000 varas | |||
| 05,154 | legue | Uruguay | ||||
| 05,200 | Bolivian legua | Bolivia | ||||
| 05,370 | legue | Venezuela | ||||
| 05,500 | Portuguese legua | Portugal | ||||
| 05,510 | legue | Ecuador | ||||
| 05,510 | Ecuadorian legua | Ecuador | ||||
| 05,532.5 | Landleuge (state league) |
Prussia | ||||
| 05,540 | legue | Honduras | ||||
| 05,556 | Seeleuge (nautical league) | 1⁄20° of a circle of longitude 3 nautical miles |
||||
| 05,570 | legua | Spain and Chile | Spanish customary units | |||
| 05,572 | legua | Colombia | = 3 Millas | |||
| 05,572.7 | legue | Peru | = 20,000 feet | |||
| 05,572.7 | legua antigua old league |
Spain | = 3 millas = 15,000 feet | |||
| 05,590 | légua | Brazil | = 5,000 varas = 2,500 bracas | |||
| 05,600 | Brazilian legua | Brazil | ||||
| 05,685 | Fersah (Turkish league) | Ottoman Empire | 1933 | 4 Turkish miles | Derived from Persian Parasang. | |
| 05,840 | Dutch mile | Holland | ||||
| 06,170 | milltir | Wales | 13thC | 9000 camau ( = 27 000 troedfeddi = 243 000 inches) | Eclipsed by the conquest of Wales by Edward I | |
| 06,197 | légua antiga | Portugal | = 3 milhas = 24 estadios | |||
| 06,240 | Persian legue | Persia | ||||
| 06,277 | Luxembourg | |||||
| 06,280 | Belgium | |||||
| 06,687.24 | legua nueva new league, since 1766 |
Spain | = 8,000 varas | |||
| 06,797 | Landvermessermeile (state survey mile) |
Saxony | ||||
| 07,400 | Netherlands | |||||
| 07,409 | (for comparison) | 4 meridian minutes | ||||
| 07,419.2 | Kingdom of Hanover | |||||
| 07,419.4 | Duchy of Brunswick | |||||
| 07,420.4 07,414.9 |
Bavaria | |||||
| 07,420.439 | geographic mile | 1⁄15 equatorial grads | ||||
| 07,421.6 | (for comparison) | 4 equatorial minutes | ||||
| 07,448.7 | Württemberg | |||||
| 07,450 | Hohenzollern | |||||
| 07,467.6 | Russia | 7 verst | Obsolete Russian units of measurement | |||
| 07,480 | Bohemia | |||||
| 07,500 | kleine / neue Postmeile (small/new postal mile) |
Saxony | 1840 | German Empire, North German Confederation, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Russia | ||
| 07,532.5 | Land(es)meile (German state mile) |
Denmark, Hamburg, Prussia | primarily for Denmark defined by Ole Rømer | |||
| 07,585.9 | Postmeile (post mile) |
Austro-Hungary | Austrian units of measurement | |||
| 07,850 | Milă | Romania | ||||
| 08,800 | Schleswig-Holstein | |||||
| 08,888.89 | Baden | |||||
| 09,062 | mittlere Post- / Polizeimeile (middle post mile or police mile) |
Saxony | 1722 | |||
| 09,206.3 | Electorate of Hesse | |||||
| 09,261.4 | (for comparison) | 5 meridian minutes | ||||
| 09,277 | (for comparison) | 5 equatorial minutes | ||||
| 09,323 | alte Landmeile (old state mile) |
Hanover | 1836 | |||
| 09,347 | alte Landmeile (old state mile) |
Hanover | 1836 | |||
| 09,869.6 | Oldenburg | |||||
| 10,000 | metric mile, Scandinavian mile | Norway, Sweden | still commonly used today, e. g. for road distances.; equates to the myriametre | |||
| 10,044 | große Meile (great mile) |
Westphalia | ||||
| 10,670 | Finland | |||||
| 10.688.54 | mil | Sweden | 1889 | In normal speech, "mil" means a Scandinavian mile of 10 km. | ||
| 11,113.7 | (for comparison) | 6 meridian minutes | ||||
| 11,132.4 | (for comparison) | 6 equatorial minutes | ||||
| 11,299 | mil | Norway | was equivalent to 3000 Rhenish rods. |
စၟတ်သမ္တီ
ပလေဝ်ဒါန်နိဿဲ
ပလေဝ်ဒါန်အကံက်
ပလေဝ်ဒါန်ပြကိုဟ်
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